新聞資訊

淺析靜電的產生和造成的危害

發布日期：2017-12-12  閱讀(du)次(ci)數：375

物(wu)(wu)質都是由分(fen)子(zi)(zi)組成(cheng)，分(fen)子(zi)(zi)是由原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)組成(cheng)，原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)中有帶負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)和(he)帶正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)的(de)(de)質子(zi)(zi)組成(cheng)。當兩個不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)體相互接觸時(shi)就會(hui)(hui)使得(de)一個物(wu)(wu)體失(shi)去一些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)轉(zhuan)移(yi)到另(ling)一個物(wu)(wu)體使其帶正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而(er)(er)另(ling)一個物(wu)(wu)體得(de)到一些剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)帶負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。若在分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)過(guo)程中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)難以中和(he)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)(he)就會(hui)(hui)積累使物(wu)(wu)體帶上靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。所(suo)以很多運動的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)體在與其它物(wu)(wu)體接觸與分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)過(guo)程（摩擦）就會(hui)(hui)帶上靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。固體、液體和(he)氣(qi)體多會(hui)(hui)帶上靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。  

靜電(dian)放電(dian)引起的(de)元(yuan)件擊穿(chuan)損害(hai)是電(dian)子工業最普遍、最嚴重的(de)靜電(dian)危害(hai)，它分為(wei)硬擊穿(chuan)和軟擊穿(chuan)。硬擊穿(chuan)是一次性造成(cheng)元(yuan)器件介質(zhi)擊穿(chuan)、燒(shao)毀或永(yong)久(jiu)性失效(xiao)。軟擊穿(chuan)造成(cheng)元(yuan)器件性能(neng)劣化或參數指標下(xia)降，在產品出廠以前難以發現而造成(cheng)隱(yin)患。